Bachelor’s Thesis
Design of a Self-Consumption Photovoltaic Installation with Grid Connection on the Roof of a Library
Name:
Carlos Revenga Alonso
Year: 2021
Degree:
Degree in Industrial Electronics and Automation Engineering
Tutor(s):
Pablo García-Linares Fontes
María Camino Villacorta
OBJECTIVES
This Final Degree Project (TFG) is written with the main objective of completing the studies in Industrial Electronics and Automation Engineering, at the School of Industrial Engineering and Design (ETSIDI) of the Polytechnic University of Madrid (UPM).
In order to achieve this objective, in this Project, the calculation and sizing of the necessary elements in a photovoltaic installation located on the roof of a library in Madrid is carried out, with the aim of covering most of the consumption of this location, thus contributing to the reduction of greenhouse effect emissions and obtaining, in addition, the maximum benefit in its electricity bill in the coming years. Therefore, a study is carried out of the current regulations for this type of installation and a detailed analysis is made of the José Hierro Municipal Library in the city of Madrid based on 3D modelling of the site, for a better understanding of the usable surface area.
In this way, through a comparison of two design proposals, the optimum dimensioning in terms of energy and economic profitability is chosen. Finally, an economic study of the design finally chosen is included in order to determine its viability.
ABSTRACT
The need to meet the targets set by the European Commission for the year 2030, which include the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions compared to 1990, implies a progressive replacement of fossil fuels with renewable energy sources. Photovoltaic solar energy is a technology that, due to its modularity, allows, in addition to the installation of large generators, self-consumption installations integrated into buildings. In Spain, this modality is regulated by Royal Decree 244/2019, which represents a boost for the development of this technology, especially with respect to the previous regulatory framework.
In this document we propose the calculation and sizing of a photovoltaic installation on the roof of a library in Madrid. A study of the photovoltaic potential of the site is carried out using the graphic design software tool SketchUp, from which the José Hierro Municipal Library is modelled, in order to determine the limitations in terms of usable surface area of the roof. In addition, a study was carried out of the shadows cast on the roof by different elements depending on the position of the sun.
On the other hand, given the lack of access to real data on electricity consumption at the site, an estimate of the daily and annual consumption curve is made based on the different typical equipment, as well as the usual uses of a public library.
In this way, by carrying out a detailed analysis of the components of the photovoltaic installation, two different designs are proposed. The optimal solution is obtained from a comparison of the energy and economic profitability of both proposals, with the data obtained in the simulations carried out with the PVSyst tool and with the estimate of electricity consumption.
Finally, for the optimal design of the installation in that location, a budget and an economic study of the electricity bill of the site is carried out, considering the installation, which allows the viability of the Project to be analysed.
Keywords: Photovoltaic installation, electricity consumption, self-consumption, location, sizing, shading study, 3D modelling, budget, energy study, feasibility.
